In today's world of rapid information exchange, ensuring the integrity of published research is more critical than ever. MNK Publication follows all ethical standards to ensure scholarly integrity in a responsible manner, to maintain public trust in the research published for public benefit and research development. MNK Publication is striving to be a member of the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE).

Authorship

An individual who has made considerable academic contributions to a scientific investigation, for example, one who contributes significantly, to the conception, design, execution, analysis, and interpretation of the data, participates in drafting, reviewing, or revising the manuscript for intellectual content, and approves the manuscript to be published.

Corresponding Author

If there are multiple authors in an article, one author should be designated as the Corresponding Author. A Corresponding Author assumes overall responsibility for the manuscript, providing a significant contribution to the research effort, and may not necessarily be the principal investigator or project leader.

Co-authors

All co-authors of a publication are responsible for providing consent authorship to the Corresponding Author, should contribute to the research work, take responsibility for appropriate portions of the content, acknowledge that they have reviewed and approved the manuscript, and are responsible for the content of all appropriate portions of the manuscript, including the integrity of any applicable research. Authors may acknowledge those people who helped in the research project, such as office staff, editorial assistants, medical writers, or other individuals in their acknowledgement. Guest (symbolic), gift (an individual who has not contributed to the research work), and ghost authors are all inconsistent with the definition of authorship, and are unacceptable and a violation of this policy.

Conflict of Interest

A Conflict of Interest exists when judgment regarding the research is influenced by factors such as financial gain or personal relationships. All authors are required to disclose any financial, personal, or other associations that may influence or be perceived to influence their work.

Plagiarism

Whether intentional or not, plagiarism is a serious violation. Plagiarism is the copying of ideas, text, data, and other creative work (e.g., tables, figures, and graphs) and presenting it as original research without proper citation. We are publishing manuscripts with zero percent plagiarism. To avoid plagiarism, authors confirm that:

• I/We understand plagiarism is against the profession's ethics;
• No copyrighted materials have been used in the manuscript without permission;
• The manuscript is free from plagiarism and has not been published previously;
• I/We will take full responsibility for the opinion expressed in the paper and for settling all disputes arising from using any copyrighted materials in the manuscript without proper permission.

The author will be required to clarify regarding the plagiarized manuscript within one week if it is found to be suspected of plagiarism during any stages, even after publication. Without a reasonable and timely explanation, the manuscript will be automatically rejected and removed from the system. Any manuscripts submitted by the same author will not be accepted.

Citation Manipulation

Citation manipulation refers to the publication of an article primarily to increase an author's number of citations. This is against our Ethical Guidelines, and we strongly advise authors not to indulge in similar activities.

Redundant Publications

Redundant publication refers to publishing the same intellectual material more than once by the author. Suspected cases of redundant manuscript submission will be handled as per the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines.

Sanctions

In the case of a complaint of misconduct, MNK Publication will carry out an investigation following the COPE guidelines. All stakeholders will be given an opportunity to share their views on the matter. If the complaint raises valid concerns, the journal will implement sanctions on authors according to the severity of the breach.

MNK Publication might find it compulsory in some cases to rectify certain pieces of literature. In such cases, MNK Publication will abide by the COPE Retraction Guidelines.

An Erratum, or correction of an article, should be issued if:

• A small portion of an otherwise reliable publication proves to be misleading (especially because of honest error).
• The author/contributor list is incorrect (i.e., a deserving author has been omitted, or somebody who does not meet authorship criteria has been included).

Manuscripts should be retracted if:

• Journal Editors have clear evidence that the findings are unreliable, either as a result of misconduct (e.g., data fabrication) or honest error (e.g., miscalculation or experimental error).
• The findings have previously been published elsewhere without proper cross-referencing, permission, or justification (i.e., cases of redundant publication).
• It constitutes plagiarism.
• It reports unethical research.

Journal editors should consider issuing an expression of concern if:

• They receive inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct by the authors.
• There is evidence that the findings are unreliable, but the author's institution will not investigate the case.
• They believe that an investigation into alleged misconduct related to the publication either has not been, or would not be, fair and impartial or conclusive.
• An investigation is underway, but a judgment will not be available for a considerable time.