This paper presents general aspects about the importance of technological development of biodiesel as well as environmental considerations, production, consumption and sustainability. Because of the need to have a source of sustainable and renewable energy, there is significant increase worldwide in the biodiesel bearing and marketing. Comparatively, it was shown in 2012 that Argentina surpassed the levels of biodiesel demand previously observed for Germany; since 2014 the United States remained in the lead and Brazil came to occupy the second position. Actually the biodiesel production in Brazil is sufficient to meet domestic and some external demand. Originally it was driven in an attempt to overcome economic crises and have at the same time, energy independence. However, the positive result can be proven by the number of vehicles using B100 (biodiesel obtained from sugar cane or soy) has had an importante role. In general, 75.57% of the biodiesel produced in Brazil become from soybean, while in other countries from palm oil (32%). Biodiesel has the advantage of reducing majority of offencive gases to the environment and less energy dependence on fossil fuels, among other benefits and its blends provide beneficial effects on the consumption of fuel and wast materials wear. However, a barrier to the large production of biodiesel on a commercial scale is the fact that its final cost still higher than that of diesel oil added to stagnation of soil with long term reduction in production capacity. Most countries already have been using blends of biodiesel in diesel with significant reductions in environmental impact and meet the demand for fuel consumption.